塑料注射模具是现在所有塑料模具中使用最广的模具，能够成型复杂的高精度的塑料制品。
Plastic injection mold is now the most widely used plastic mold of all molds, to forming of complex high-precision plastic products.

 
设计模具软件也越来越多，大多数已很少使用铅笔来绘制模具图了。
Mold design software more and more, most has rarely used a pencil to draw mould figure.

 
设计时，如果没有产品图，在复杂一点的模具图中很难发挥软件制图的长处。产品图绘制好后存底，再利用尺寸驱动或比例缩放来生成制作图形。图纸保存也是重要的，最直接的方法是打印一份可长时间保存，但是不能修改;保存在软盘中是没有保障的，可能明天就出""未格式化"等提示;硬盘也是易耗品，随时出问题;如果有刻录机的话最好，刻在光盘上就可;现在网络也为我们提供。
The design, if there is no product figure, it is hard to play in the complex mould figure software cartography strengths. Dimension driven products after drawing reserves, reuse or scaling to generate graphics. Drawing save is also important, the most direct way is to print one for a long time, but cannot be modified; Stored in floppy disks are no guarantee, may be tomorrow out unformatted "tip; such as the hard disk is consumable, always a problem; you'd better, if have a recorder on CD can; now network also provide for us.

 
使你的图纸可保存在世界的任何地方，象myspace等网络硬盘性能稳定，操作简易，300M的空间任你使用，不过国内的我使用过的虚拟硬盘还是不好，你明明存了东西，它却以"数据库连接错误"等拒绝承认。
Make your drawings can be stored anywhere in the world, network hard disk, such as myspace, stable performance, easy to operate, 300 MB of space for you to use, but at home I used the virtual hard disk is bad, when you save something, it is to refuse to admit "database connection error", etc.

 
既然是链状结构，那塑料的在加工时收缩的方向也是跟聚合物的分子链在应力作用下取向性及冷却收缩有关，在流动方向上的收缩要比其垂直方向上的收缩多。产品收缩也同制品的形状、浇口、热胀冷缩、温度、保压时间及内应力等因素有关。通常书上提供的收缩率范围较广，在实际应用中所考虑的是产品的壁厚、结构及确定注塑时温度压力的大小和取向性。 一般产品如果没有芯子支撑，收缩相应要大些。 塑料注塑模具基本分为静模和动模。
Since is the chain structure, that the direction of the plastic shrinkage when processing is also with polymer molecular chain under the effect of stress orientation and cooling contraction is related to the flow direction than the vertical contraction. Product shrinkage with products shape, gate, heat bilges cold shrink, temperature, holding time and internal stress and other factors. Usually the book provides a wide range of shrinkage, in practical application, consider is the product of wall thickness, structure and determine the size and orientation of the temperature when the injection pressure. General product without core support, contraction corresponding be larger. Plastic injection mold basic divided into static model and dynamic model.

 
在注塑机的注射头一边的带浇口套的为静模，静模一般有浇口套、靠板、模板组成，简单模具(特别是静模没有芯子的模具)也可以不使用靠板，直接用厚一点的模板就可以了。浇口套一般为标准件，除非特殊原因，不建议取消。浇口套的使用有利于安装模具、更换方便，不用自己抛光。有些特殊模具浇口套可用钻出来或用锥度线割割成。部分模具必须静模脱模时，还得加上静模脱模机构。动模的结构一般为动模板、动模靠板、脱模机构以及模脚和装机固定板。
In the injection molding machine injection on one side of the head with a gate set of static model, static model in general with gate set, on board, templates, simple mould (especially the static die without core mold) can not use on board, directly using a heavy template is ok. Gate sets generally for standard parts, unless special reasons, do not recommend to cancel. Gate set to install the use of mould, easy to change, need not oneself polishing. Some special mold gate piled out of the set of available or with taper thread cutting. Part of the mould must be static mould stripping, still have to add static and demoulding mechanism. Dynamic model of the structure is commonly move templates, die plate and demoulding mechanism, die and fixed plate installed.

 
浇口直接关系到塑件的美观，浇口设计不好的话，容易产生缺陷。在没有任何阻挡的情况下很容易产生蛇型流。对于要求高的产品，还应设计溢流和排气。溢流处可以用顶杆，不要在模板上留有溢流飞边，才不至于影响模具寿命。
Plastic pieces of beautiful, is directly related to gate runner design is bad, prone to defects. In the absence of any block type is easy to produce the snake flow. For the high requirements of the product, but also should design the overflow and exhaust. Overflow can turn the plunger, don't leave the overflow on the template flash, it doesn't influence the die life.

 
脱模机构中除了脱料杆，还有回位杆，部分模具还要增加弹簧以实现例如自动脱模等功能。还有导柱、冷却水孔、流道等也是不可少的模具的基本结构。当然，斜导模具还有斜导盒、斜导柱等。 当为一产品设计模具时，首先要设定模具的基本结构尺寸以备料，来加快模具制造的速度。复杂产品应先绘制好产品图，再定好模具的尺寸。现在的模具基本上要进行热处理，加高模具的硬度，提高模具使用寿命。在热处理前，先对模板进行初步加工：钻好导柱孔、回位孔(动模)、型腔孔、螺丝孔、浇口套孔(静模)、拉料孔(动模)、冷却水孔等，铣好流道、型腔，有些模具还应铣好斜导盒等。现在的普通精密模具的模板一般用Cr12、Cr12Mov和一些专业模具钢,Cr12等硬度不能太高，在HRC60度时经常开裂，模板的常用硬度一般为HRC55度左右。芯子的硬度可在HRC58以上。如果材料为3Cr2W8v，制造后再氮化处理表面硬度，硬度应为HRC58以上，氮化层应越厚越好。
Stripping rod demoulding mechanism, in addition to, and return, part of the mould and increase the spring in order to realize the features such as automatic demoulding. And guide pillar, coolant passages, port, etc. Also the basic structure of the mold. Of course, oblique guide mold and guide box, inclined guide pillar and so on. When the mould design for a product, the first to set the basic structure of the mould size to preparation, to accelerate the speed of mould manufacturing. The good products to complex products should be drawn, and then set the size of the mold. Now mould is basically to heat treatment, heightening the mold hardness, improve the service life of the die. Preliminary before heat treatment for the template processing: good guide pin holes, return hole (dynamic mode), cavity hole, screw holes, gate set of holes (static), pull hole (dynamic mode), coolant passages, etc., milling good runner, cavity, some good mould should also milling oblique guide box, etc. Ordinary precision mold template now generally used Cr12, Cr12Mov, and some professional die steel, such as Cr12 hardness is not too high, when HRC60 degrees often craze, template commonly used hardness HRC55 degrees or so. Core hardness can be above HRC58. If the material is 3 cr2w8v, make again after nitriding processing surface hardness, hardness should be HRC58 above, nitride layer should be as thick as possible.

 
设计塑料注射模具首先要对塑料有一定的了解，塑料的主要成分是聚合物。如我们常说的ABS 塑料便是丙烯腈、丁二烯、苯乙烯三种单体采用乳液、本体或悬浮聚合法生产，使其具有三种单体的优越性能和可模塑性，在一定的温度和压力下注射到模具型腔，产生流动变形，获得型腔形状，保压冷却后顶出成塑料产品。聚合物的分子一般呈链状结构，线型分子链和支链型分子认为是热塑性塑料，可反复加热冷却加工，而经过加热多个分子发生交联反应，连结成网状的体型分子结构的塑料通常是一此次性的，不能重复注射加工，也就是所说的热固性塑料。
Design of plastic injection mould must first have some knowledge of plastic, plastic polymer is the main ingredient. As we often say the ABS is acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene using three kinds of monomer emulsion or suspension polymerization, ontology production, has the better performance of three kinds of monomers and molding, injection under certain temperature and pressure to the mold cavity and flow deformation, get the cavity shape, the holding out into plastic products after cooling. Polymer molecular chain structure in commonly, linear molecule chain and branched molecule that is thermoplastic, and repeatable processing, cooling/heating and after heating multiple crosslinking reaction molecules, even form a mesh size plastic is often one of the molecular structure, cannot be repeated injection processing, thermosetting plastic that is said.